Chef Clint
"Live each season as it passes; breathe the air, drink the drink, taste the fruit, and resign yourself to the influences of each." - Henry David Thoreau
I did the first run through the still, and I'm pretty happy how it came out.
Once the wash (alcohol containing mixture you're distilling) begins to boil, or when the thermometer on the top of the column reads 60 degrees Celsius, you turn on the cooling water. Soon, a clear liquid begins dripping out. The first stuff to come out is called the "foreshots", and contains all kinds of nasty little organic compounds, including methanol. You collect the first 100ml and toss it. Don't even think about keeping it, just get rid of it.
The run is divided into: Foreshots, Heads, Hearts, and Tails. In theory, you will toss the foreshots. The head swill contain lots of alcohol but not taste good, so you keep them to add to the next batch. The hearts is the best. The tails begin to taste bad, and get thrown into the next batch.
Collection of the alcohol should be limited to about a half liter at a time. Collect a half a liter, then start on another bottle. This way you can decide what to keep on flavor. After the run, keep the best half liter separate, then just mix the others that taste good. Any that are off can be dumped into the next batch or thrown away.
Watch your thermometer and taste the distillate. You'll have times where the temperature jumps or climbs rapidly (this is why you start the cooling water so early) then holds at a point for a long time. When the temperature holds, something is evaporating. Taste the distillate. If it tastes great, that's the point you are after.
The actual numbers on the thermometer are not that important, since they can be up to 10 degrees Celsius off in either direction due to still design. Rules of thumb can be not to collect below 75 and above 95. The rest depends on taste.
I wound up with about 3 1/2 liters of alcohol. Tastes pretty good!
PROBLEMS
The guy who gave me the gas burner told me it sucked. No lie! Hardly any heat output. This run took 7 hours, as opposed to about 3 to 3 1/2 it should have taken.
I don't have an alcoholmeter yet, so I don't know what % this stuff is.
About every house in Italy has a moka, a coffee maker for espresso. The traditional brand is Bialetti. The beauty of this is almost anything that can break is replaceable. Check out this display, in a normal little corner store.
My brother-in-law makes about 25 liters of plum brandy a year. He uses only pure fruit, fermenting in wooden barrels with wild yeasts. Unfortunately, he has to have someone else distill it for him, at a cost of about €8 a liter. I decided to fix that for him, and bought him a still.
Then I dumped in 20 liters of spring water I get from up in the mountains, or right behind the house if it's flowing.
Next I pitched a yeast starter going with purchased wine yeast. You can use baker's yeast, but wine yeasts produce more consistent, flavorful results and tolerate higher alcohol percentages.
The yeast is stirred into the apples and left. The next morning you could tell they were starting to work.
A few days later a nice wort had formed
I stirred the whole concoction daily, and covered it with a towel. It's ready for the next step when the wort falls. It basically just disappears - there one day, gone the next. That took about 2 weeks.
Then we strained the liquid.
Poured it into demijohns.
Pressed the juice out of the remaining bits using nylon leggings - again, no fruit press.
Here's the remains of the apples. Not much.
I wound up with about 35 liters of juice. Not much alcohol in it at this point. I capped the demijohns and monitored them for a few days for fermentation - nothing. The apples I used weren't very sweet, but the juice definitely still had sugar in it and I want enough alcohol to distill, so I added 5 kilos of sugar and moved the demijohns from the cold basement to the office. Then I pitched some more yeast and tossed it in. The juice is still bubbling happily. Once it stops, the fermentation will be done and it's time to distill.
Just the other day I was thinking about how someone should debut an electric sports car. I had been reading about hybrids and the writer made a comment about how this is one of the few technologies not used for the racetrack first.
New York has banned trans fats! Actually, it's a phased process, but hey, baby steps.